Amasano y'inyongera n'amasano y'inyongera ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu gushyirahoimishumi yo guterura amaguru menshi.Nubwo ahanini bikorwa nk'igice cy'imigozi y'urunigi, bikoreshwa mu bwoko bwose bw'imigozi irimo imigozi y'insinga n'imigozi y'urushundura.
Guhitamo amasano nyayo kandi ajyanye nayo ntabwo byoroshye. Hari ubwoko bwiza bw'ibice bya chain sling dushobora gushaka guhuza mu gihe amahame n'imikorere bitandukanye cyane - bityo rero ni ingirakamaro kuganira kuri bimwe mu bibazo n'ingingo.
Master Link ni iki?
Amasano ya Master Links na Master Link Assemblies nazo zizwi ku yandi mazina arimo amasano y’uburebure, impeta zo mu mutwe, amasano y’amasano ya multi-master n'ibindi. Ni bumwe mu bwoko bwa kera cyane bw’amasano yo guterura kandi buba ku isonga ry’amasano yo guterura amaguru menshi.
Imishumi yo guterura amaguru menshi ishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane mu gukwirakwiza imbaraga zo guterura no kugera ku ituze no kugenzura umutwaro dushaka guterura. Ikibazo cy'ingenzi ariko ni ukoimigozikandi ibice by'umugozi ahanini bikorerwa ahantu hamwe ho guhuza kugira ngo bitware umutwaro. Niba dufite amaguru abiri, atatu cyangwa ane kuri umugozi wacu, buri maguru yose akeneye ikintu cyo kuyahuza n'aho afatanye (nk'ingofero y'icyuma) cyangwa ikindi kintu cyakira ukuguru kumwe gusa icyarimwe.
Imibanire
Uburyo master links igera ku mibanire ni ingenzi.
Ku gikoresho cyo gukurura amaguru abiri ibi biroroshye cyane, Master Link ihabwa amanota yo guhuza amaguru abiri ku mpera yayo yo hasi:
Ku mugozi w'amaguru ane, ibi nabyo biroroshye cyane. Guhuza amaguru ane yuzuye ku mpera y'umurongo mukuru birabujijwe, ariko gukoreshaInama y'Ihuza ry'Umukuru(Multi-Master Link) dushobora gukuba kabiri kabiri kugira ngo tubone amaguru ane:
Amaguru atatu aragoye cyane. Hari inyandiko za kera zishobora kwerekana amaguru atatu mu murongo umwe, ariko ubu muri rusange birabujijwe. Uburyo bukwiye ni ugukoresha uburyo bumwe n'imiterere y'amaguru ane hanyuma ugakoresha umugozi umwe gusa kuri kimwe mu bice by'imbere.
Imitwaro ibiri yo gusimbuza amaguru
Imitwaro ine yo gusimbuza amaguru
Imitwaro itatu yo gusimbuza amaguru
Umutwaro ntarengwa w'akazi
Dushobora kureba amashusho ari hejuru tugatekereza ko ubuzima bworoshye - ariko ntabwo ari vuba cyane!
Ni iyihe nshingano ntarengwa yo gukora (WLL) tugomba gushaka?
Iyi ishobora kuba ari yo ngorane ya mbere mu nyinshi tuzahura nazo.
Dukoresheje amaguru menshi, tugomba kwemeza ko amaguru yose ya sling na Master Link bifite WLL ihagije yo gukora akazi. Dushobora guhitamo ibice mu buryo bubiri - dushobora guhitamo amaguru dukeneye mbere na mbere, hanyuma tugahitamo Master Link ijyanye nayo - cyangwa dushobora guhitamo Master Link mbere na mbere, hanyuma tugashaka amaguru ya sling afite ubushobozi buhagije.
Kugira ngo tubare, tugomba kubanza kumenya inguni y'umugozi.
Muri Ositaraliya iyi ni yo nguni izaba iri hagati y'amaguru y'umugozi, kandi WLL ntarengwa dushobora guha izabarwa kuri dogere 60.
Inguni yo mu bwoko bwa “Ositaraliya Standard Sling Angle” yo kubara WLL ntarengwa.
Kugira amanota ya 60° kuri twe bishobora kutugirira akamaro cyane kuko bifasha kongera ubushobozi n'akamaro by'imipira yacu.
Ariko hari ikibazo – kandi icyo ni igipimo gisanzwe cy’i Burayi (EN standard).
Inguni z'Uburayi zisanzwe zo gupima WLL ntarengwa.
Aha inguni ipimwa uhereye ku ruhande ruhagaze, kandi ibyo si ikibazo gikomeye – ariko WLL ntarengwa ibarwa kuri 45° bingana n’inguni zo muri Ositaraliya za 90°. Muri make, bivuze ko ku bunini bw’urunigi runaka, WLL ntarengwa y’urunigi n’iy’urukiramende ruhuza ni nto.
Ku nguni y'umugozi ya 60°, inkingi ya master link WLL igomba kuba nibura inshuro 1.73 z'uburebure bwa WLL.
Ku nguni ya sling ya 45°, master link WLL igomba kuba nibura inshuro 1.41 z'uburebure bwa WLL.
Bivuze kandi ko guhitamo ibicuruzwa no guhuza ibicuruzwa biri ku rutonde rw'i Burayi atari ngombwa muri Ositaraliya.
Gushyira Sangiza
Imigozi ine ikora piramide. Ibi biroroshye kuko imitwaro myinshi ifite ishusho ya mpandeshatu - ariko ifite ikibazo cy’uko idashobora kugaragara neza. Mu magambo make, amaguru ntagabana umutwaro ku buryo bungana.
Mu by’ukuri, hari ikintu kimwe gusa gishoboka iyo bigeze ku gupima umutwaro, icyo ni ukugereranya ibice nk’aho bisangiye umutwaro ku maguru abiri gusa… ibyo nibyo Amabwiriza ya Australia akora – kandi dushobora gukora ibizamini bigaragaza ko ari igikorwa cy’ubwenge.
Icyo bivuze kuri gahunda yacu ya Master link ni uko ihuriro ryo hejuru n'ihuriro ryo hasi bigomba kuzuza WLL ntarengwa yo guteranya iyo biteganyijwe ku maguru abiri.
Nk'uko AS3775 ibivuga, ibi bivuze:
Ibisabwa mu guteranya umurongo mukuru wa Ositaraliya.
Nanone, amategeko y’i Burayi aratandukanye. Icyo bemerera ni ugupima amaguru ane ku maguru atatu. Birumvikana ko amaguru ane adashobora kwirwanaho ku maguru atatu - ni uburyo bushingiye ku mibare gusa.
Iki ni kimwe mu bintu rimwe na rimwe gikora ariko rimwe na rimwe ntigikore. Mu gihe imitwaro ikomeye kandi rimwe na rimwe aho ingano y'imishumi yegereye ishusho nyayo ya piramidi, umutwaro hagati y'amaguru ushobora kuba mubi cyane kandi umushumi ukwiye kugabanywa kugira ngo usobanure amaguru acika intege.
Icyo bivuze ku guhitamo assemblies za Master Link ni uko iyo master link WLL ivuzwe nk'agaciro kamwe mu mahanga - ibi bishobora gusobanura ko intermediate links zidakomeye bihagije.
Porogaramu y'Uburayi y'Ubumenyi Rusange ikora gutya:
Ibi bikora ku mahame ya EN sling, ariko ntabwo bihuye n’amahame ya Ositaraliya. Icy'ingenzi ni uko atari ikibazo gikomeye ku mukoresha - ni ukuvuga, keretse iyo guhitamo ibicuruzwa byakozwe neza kugira ngo bihuze n’amategeko ya AS3775 sling.
Ihuriro ry’amakuru ry’i Burayi rishobora gukenera gukurwaho amanota kugira ngo amahuriro yo hagati abe akomeye bihagije.
Gushyiramo Crane Hook
Abakoresha imigozi benshi bahura n'ikibazo cyo gukoresha imigozi ikoreshwa n'ingoyi z'imashini. Ingoyi y'imashini iba nto cyane ku buryo ikoreshwa mu guterura - cyangwa ingoyi y'imashini ikoreshwa mu guterura iba nto cyane ku buryo ikoreshwa mu guterura.
Kugira ngo ushyireho icyuma gikurura icyuma gifata icyuma gikurura icyuma, ugomba kwitonda cyane iyo ukoresheje uburyo bufatanye neza.
Ingufu zose za crane zikozwe kugira ngo zikomere mu kugonda mu murongo umwe. Kugira ngo bongere imbaraga bakoresha igice cy’uburebure kiri hejuru kuruta ubugari bwacyo, kandi imbere kibyibushye kurusha inyuma.
Kugenzura niba Masterlink na hook bihuye.
Ubucucike bukabije
Dukeneye ko imiyoboro yacu iba miremire bihagije kugira ngo ihuze ibintu nk'udukingirizo tw'imashini hejuru ndetse n'udukoresho two hasi - ariko nk'uko tubibona haruguru, akenshi nabyo bigomba kuba binini bihagije.
Ibi si ngombwa gusa ku ipfundo rya crane, ahubwo ni ngombwa ku miterere y'amaguru ya sling.
Iyo ibice bihuza bidashobora kwicara mu buryo busanzwe mu gice cy’urukiramende ngo bitware imizigo neza, ibice biba byuzuye cyane. Ibi bishimangira ibice mu buryo budasanzwe kandi ntibyemewe.
Ubucucike bukabije bushobora gutera ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyane iyo hakoreshejwe masterlink hamwe n'insinga zikoresha imigozi.
Mu dusanduku duto, kubona umurongo mwiza bishobora koroha, ariko iyo imiyoboro igeze mu ngano nini niba ishobora kuba yuzuye cyane ntabwo ikora.
Mu rugero ruri ku ifoto, uruvange rw'udupira tw'ingufu zikomeye (ishusho y'iburyo) rubangamirana kandi ntirushobora kwicara neza.
Ingano
Bisa nkaho byoroshye – reka dukore amasano manini gato. Ariko kugira amasano manini bigira ikiguzi. Turacyakeneye ko amasano yacu aba akomeye bihagije. Mu mbibi z'imbaraga z'icyuma zihari, ibi bivuze ko amasano akomeye akozwe afite umurambararo munini w'ibikoresho. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana kubona amasano yo guhuza.
Amasano menshi afite agace gakase kugira ngo gafashe mu gufata umugozi. Ni ngombwa kugenzura ingano y'umunwa w'umugozi ndetse n'umurambararo w'imbere niba ushaka kureba niba uhuye n'ikintu nk'ikirango cya masterlink cyangwa shackle.
Gukoresha umurongo uhuza n'aho ucanze kugira ngo wongere imikoranire.
Imbaraga
Ariko se masterlink igomba kuba ikomeye ite? Dukurikije amahame ya sling yo muri Ositaraliya, masterlink y'umutwaro uwo ari wo wose* igomba kuba ifite breaking load factor ya 4:1 - kimwe neza neza n'uko bimeze ku mitwaro y'umunyururu.
Ibi ni uko ubwoko butandukanye bw'amaguru y'umugozi bushobora kugabanuka: Umunyururu, Umugozi w'Insinga, Umugozi uzunguruka, Umugozi w'Iburungushuye, n'ibindi. Ibintu bikenewe by'umugozi w'umugozi, byaba 5, 7, cyangwa birenga, birabikwa kugira ngo habeho imbogamizi zitandukanye z'ibikoresho. Ibi ntibigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku migozi irimo, bityo umugozi w'umugozi ukomeza kuba nk'uko byari bimeze ku mugozi w'umugozi.
Ariko ibi si ko bimeze mu bindi bihugu, kandi amategeko y’aho aherereye agomba kubahirizwa.
* Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe, igipimo cyo gucika kw'umutwaro wose w'agasanduku k'abakozi gatwara crane gikubye kabiri, bityo ihuriro ryaba 4:1 ni 8:1 iyo ryashyizweho ku gasanduku k'akazi.
Birumvikana ko hari byinshi bikubiyemo. Ubuyobozi bwose bugomba kuba bufite uburebure buciriritse, bugomba guhangana n'ubuzima busanzwe bw'icyuma gikoresha icyuma, kandi bugomba gukomeza gupimwa.
Umushumi w'urunigi ufite ihuriro ry'insinga mu gitanda cyo gupimisha
Icy'ingenzi ni uko masterlinks atari iy'ubuhamya buri kimwe kugeza igihe ikorewemo sling igeragezwa. Ku rwego rw'ibice bitanga masterlinks zigeragezwa gusa kuri mandrels.
Gupima ibimenyetso ni ingenzi mu gukora imigozi yizewe. Hari ibice bitandukanye bihuye ku buryo isuzuma ritanga icyizere gikenewe cyane cy'uko ibice byose bifite imbaraga zihuye na WLL yavuzweho - kandi ko bizagumana n'ubukana bw'ikoreshwa ridahinduka.
Gupima kandi birinda inenge z'ibice bigize ikintu.
Masterlink ifite inenge mu nganda yabonetse igihe habayeho gupima konti.
Ibintu by'ibanze
Ibintu by'ibanze
Amasano y'ingenzi ni ingenzi cyane iyo bigeze ku bijyanye no gushyiraho uburyo bwo guterura hejuru kuko ari bwo buryo bwo guhuza imigozi y'urunigi n'ubundi bwoko bw'imigozi.
Ibitabo byose bishobora kwandikwa kuri masterlinks kandi dushobora kuvuga ku bintu by'ibanze gusa hano:
• Amasano y'ingenzi yo gukoresha amaguru menshi agomba gushyirwaho neza
• Itandukaniro mu bipimo n'amanota rigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo guhitamo ibice
• Bagomba guhuza neza imigozi n'ingufu.
• Zigomba kuba zikomeye bihagije.
...kandi ntakindi cyihariye, tugomba gushaka ikimenyetso gihuye n'icyemezo cy'ikizamini cy'amakuru ajyanye na masterlinks atangwa mu buryo bwo guteranya sling.
Masterlinks ni nziza gusa iyo zikozwe, zikoreshwa ndetse n'igenzura rihoraho.
Bagomba guhora batoranywa kandi bagasuzumwa n'umuntu ubifitiye ubushobozi.
(tubikesha Nobles)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-20-2022
